Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Stock-Based Compensation

v3.7.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-Based Compensation

We have two equity incentive plans: the 2008 Stock Option Plan (the “2008 Plan”) and the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”, and together with the 2008 Plan, the “Stock Option Plans”). The Stock Option Plans are meant to provide additional incentive to officers, employees and consultants to remain in our employment. Options granted are generally exercisable for up to 10 years.

At March 31, 2017, 758,101 shares remain available for future awards under the 2011 Plan and 133,154 shares remain available for future awards under the 2008 Plan.

A summary of employee and non-employee stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2017 is as follows:
 
Options Outstanding
 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (in years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Shares
(in thousands)
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Outstanding January 1, 2017
2,198

 
$
9.09

 
7.04
 
$
—

Granted
468

 
2.49

 
 
 
 
Cancelled or expired
(146
)
 
9.49

 
 
 
 
Outstanding March 31, 2017
2,520

 
$
7.84

 
7.10
 
$
1,558

Exercisable March 31, 2017
1,381

 
$
10.17

 
5.56
 
$
161



Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the fair value of our common stock and the exercise price of outstanding, in-the-money options.

As of March 31, 2017, total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted to employees was $2,862,783 which we expect to recognize over the next 2.52 years.

As of March 31, 2017, total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted to non-employees was $76,875 which we expect to recognize over the next 0.76 years. The estimate of unrecognized non-employee compensation is based on the fair value of the non-vested options as of March 31, 2017.

The fair value of options granted to employees is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. This valuation model requires us to make assumptions and judgments about the variables used in the calculation, including the expected term (the period of time that the options granted are expected to be outstanding), the volatility of our common stock, a risk-free interest rate, and expected dividends. To the extent actual forfeitures differ from the estimates, the difference will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period estimates are revised. No compensation cost is recorded for options that do not vest. We use the simplified calculation of expected life described in the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, Share-Based Payment, and volatility is based on the historical volatility of our common stock. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods corresponding with the expected life of the option. We use an expected dividend yield of zero, as we do not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Forfeitures will be recorded when they occur.

The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of options granted to employees during the periods presented:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
Volatility
73.57
%
Risk free interest rate
2.03
%
Dividend yield
0.00
%
Term (years)
6.00

Weighted-average fair value of options granted during the period
1.63



In May 2014, we issued 200,000 options to our Director, Raju Chaganti, with an exercise price of $15.89. See Note 11 for additional information. The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of options reaching their measurement date for non-employees during the periods presented:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Volatility
77.41
%
 
75.92
%
Risk free interest rate
2.22
%
 
1.56
%
Dividend yield
0.00
%
 
0.00
%
Term (years)
7.14

 
8.14



Restricted stock awards have been granted to employees, directors and consultants as compensation for services. At March 31, 2017, there was $315,049 of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock granted to employees and directors; we expect to recognize the cost over 1.63 years.

The following table summarizes the activities for our non-vested restricted stock awards for the three months ended March 31, 2017:
 
Non-vested Restricted Stock Awards
 
Number of
Shares
(in thousands)
 
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at January 1, 2017
80

 
$
6.30

Vested
(10
)
 
8.38

Cancelled
(2
)
 
$
11.36

Non-vested at March 31, 2017
68

 
$
5.85



The following table presents the effects of stock-based compensation related to stock option and restricted stock awards to employees and non-employees on our Consolidated Statements of Operations during the periods presented (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Cost of revenues
$
59

 
$
69

Research and development
50

 
50

General and administrative
300

 
387

Sales and marketing
26

 
28

Total stock-based compensation
$
435

 
$
534